Phacopida

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis

Order Phacopida / Suborder Cheirurina / Superfamily Cheiruroidea / Family Encrinuridae / Subfamily Coronocephalinae

Telychian (Llandovery, Silurian)Hunan

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 1 — Photo 1 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 2 — Photo 2 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 3 — Photo 3 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 4 — Photo 4 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 5 — Photo 5 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 6 — Photo 6 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 7 — Photo 7 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 8 — Photo 8 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 9 — Photo 9 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 10 — Photo 10 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Coronocephalus gaoluoensis — photo 11 — Photo 11 · Type specimen figures (Hubei; Restoration Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton Wei Xin et al. 2020) (illustrated by (Hunan; Guodong) (Hunan; Dai Xu) Haixiang) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal exoskeleton (Hunan; Stam Lee) (Hunan; Shamou Zhizi) Complete dorsal exoskeleton Complete dorsal (Hunan; Yimeng (Hunan; Baishui) exoskeleton (Hunan; Shanren) Mr. Heiyanquan)

Classification

Order Phacopida / Suborder Cheirurina / Superfamily Cheiruroidea / Family Encrinuridae / Subfamily Coronocephalinae

Genus

Coronocephalus Grabau, 1924

Genus author

Grabau A. W.

Genus etymology

coron (Latin, crown) + cephal- (Greek, head), referring to the crown-like border of the librigenae

Species

C. gaoluoensis Wu in Zhou et al., 1977

Species author

Wu Hongji

Species etymology

Gaoluo, Gaoluo, Xuan'en County, Hubei, type locality of the type specimens

Age

Telychian (Llandovery, Silurian)

Distribution

Hunan

Synonyms

Coronocephalus (Coronocephalina) gaoluoensis; C. (Coronocephalina) gaoluoensis songtaoensis; Senticucullus (Coronocephalina) gaoluoensis

Diagnosis

Cephalon with peculiar structure: anterior branches of the facial sutures cut across the mid-anterior part of the anterior glabellar lobe; dorsal-ventral doublure extended into a double cephalic spine; glabella constricted posteriorly, inflated and gradually flattened forward; 3 pairs of glabellar furrows sit- uated at the narrowest posterolateral part of the glabella, the anterior pair disconnected; fixigenae narrow, stout long genal spines from the genal angles; free cheeks oblique-triangular, border evenly studded with short triangular spines; eyes elevated. Thorax rectangular, wider than long; 11 segments, segment 7 macropleural with a large backward-extending pleural spine. Pygidium large, triangular; axis with more than 40 rings, pygidial pleural segments 15-16; pygidial pleural spines well developed, border absent.